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ATM Types

Banking · ATM के प्रकार

📋Quick Overview

ATM (Automated Teller Machine) was first introduced in India in 1987 by HSBC (Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation) in Mumbai. ATMs in India are classified into different types based on ownership, location, and functionality. The main types are: White Label ATMs (owned by non-bank entities), Brown Label ATMs (hardware by non-bank, banking software by bank), On-site ATMs (inside bank premises), Off-site ATMs (outside bank premises), and Micro ATMs (handheld devices for basic banking via Aadhaar). Cash Recycler Machines (CRMs) can both dispense and accept cash.

First ATM in India: HSBC, 1987, Mumbai | White Label = non-bank owned | Brown Label = non-bank hardware + bank branding | Micro ATM = Aadhaar-based handheld device

📖Types of ATMs

TypeOwnerKey FeatureExample
White Label ATM (WLA)Non-bank entity (private company)Owned & operated by non-bank. No bank branding. RBI licenses.Tata Indicash, Muthoot ATM, Vakrangee
Brown Label ATM (BLA)Service provider (hardware) + Bank (software)Hardware by third party, cash & banking by sponsor bankAGS Transact, FIS, Euronet
On-site ATMBankLocated inside or adjacent to the bank branchAny bank's ATM at its branch
Off-site ATMBankLocated away from the bank branch (malls, stations, markets)SBI ATM at a railway station
Micro ATMBank/BC agentHandheld device using Aadhaar biometrics for basic bankingUsed by Banking Correspondents in villages
Cash Recycler Machine (CRM)BankCan BOTH dispense and accept cash (deposit + withdrawal)Advanced ATM with dual function

📖White Label ATM vs Brown Label ATM

📝ATM Transaction Rules

  • Free transactions per month: 5 at own bank ATM, 3 at other bank ATM (metro cities) / 5 at other bank (non-metro)
  • After free limit, bank can charge up to ₹21 per transaction (+ GST)
  • ATM interchange fee: ₹15 (financial) / ₹5 (non-financial) paid by card-issuing bank to ATM-owning bank
  • EMV chip-based ATM cards mandatory (more secure than magnetic stripe)

📝Memory Tricks

📝Exam Corner — Most Asked Questions

📝Quick Revision — 12 One-Liners