Question 1

Which organelle is responsible for the detoxification of drugs and poisons in liver cells?

Accepted Answer

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum. The Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum contains enzymes that help neutralize harmful substances. In liver cells, this organelle is highly developed to process various toxins. It also plays a key role in lipid synthesis and calcium storage.

Question 2

What is the primary function of the nucleolus found within the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome synthesis. The nucleolus is the site where ribosomal RNA is produced and assembled into subunits. These subunits then move to the cytoplasm to facilitate protein synthesis. It is a dense, non-membrane bound structure inside the nucleus.

Question 3

Which cell structure is primarily composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins?

Accepted Answer

Plasma Membrane. The plasma membrane acts as a selective barrier that regulates the entry and exit of molecules. The fluid mosaic model describes its flexible nature and various functional proteins. It is essential for maintaining the internal environment of the cell.

Question 4

Which scientist first observed and named the 'cell' while looking at a slice of cork?

Accepted Answer

Robert Hooke. Robert Hooke coined the term 'cell' in 1665 because the cork structures reminded him of small rooms. He used a primitive compound microscope to make these historical observations. His findings were published in his famous book titled Micrographia.

Question 5

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Absence of nuclear membrane. Prokaryotic cells do not have a defined nucleus, so their genetic material floats freely in the nucleoid. They lack most membrane-bound organelles found in more complex eukaryotic cells. Bacteria and Archaea are the two primary groups of prokaryotes.

Cell Structure — Set 1