Digestive System
Biology · पाचन तंत्र
📋Quick Overview
The digestive system breaks food into simpler molecules for absorption. The alimentary canal is a continuous tube from mouth to anus: Mouth→Oesophagus→Stomach→Small intestine→Large intestine→Rectum→Anus. Key glands: Salivary glands, Liver (largest gland), Pancreas. Small intestine is the main site of digestion and absorption. Villi increase surface area for absorption.
📖Digestive Enzymes
| Organ | Enzyme | Acts On | Product |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mouth (Saliva) | Salivary Amylase (Ptyalin) | Starch | Maltose (sugar) |
| Stomach | Pepsin (+ HCl) | Proteins | Peptones |
| Pancreas | Trypsin | Proteins | Amino acids |
| Pancreas | Pancreatic Amylase | Starch | Maltose |
| Pancreas | Lipase | Fats | Fatty acids + Glycerol |
| Liver | Bile (no enzyme) | Fats (emulsification) | Small fat droplets |
| Small Intestine | Maltase, Sucrase, Lactase | Sugars | Glucose |
📝Key Facts
- •Liver = largest gland in body; produces bile (stored in gall bladder)
- •Small intestine = longest part (~6-7 meters), main absorption site
- •Large intestine absorbs water and forms faeces
- •Stomach pH = 1-2 (highly acidic due to HCl)
- •Pancreas is both endocrine (insulin) and exocrine (digestive enzymes)