Endocrine System — Set 5
Biology · अंतःस्रावी तंत्र · Questions 41–50 of 60
Which of the following is an example of an 'Exocrine' gland?
Correct Answer: A. Sweat gland
Exocrine glands discharge their secretions through ducts onto a surface or into an organ. In contrast, endocrine glands are ductless and release hormones directly into the blood. Sweat, salivary, and digestive glands are all exocrine.
The hormone 'Thyroxine' is chemically an amino acid derivative of which substance?
Correct Answer: C. Tyrosine
The thyroid gland uses the amino acid tyrosine and iodine to manufacture its hormones. This chemical structure is essential for its function in regulating the body's metabolism. Understanding this biochemistry helps in developing medications for thyroid disorders.
Which hormone is secreted by the walls of the stomach to stimulate the production of gastric juice?
Correct Answer: B. Gastrin
Gastrin is released into the blood when food enters the stomach to signal the start of digestion. it specifically triggers the parietal cells to secrete hydrochloric acid. It is an example of a gastrointestinal hormone.
What is the main role of 'Somatotropin' in the human body?
Correct Answer: C. Stimulating growth
Somatotropin, or growth hormone, is vital for physical development and cell regeneration. It promotes the growth of muscle tissue and increases the length of long bones. Its production is controlled by the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary.
Which hormone regulates the development of pollen-producing structures in plants?
Correct Answer: A. Gibberellin
Gibberellins are plant hormones that promote stem elongation and flowering. While not part of human physiology, they are the functional equivalents in the plant 'endocrine' world. They also play a key role in seed germination.
Which condition is caused by the extreme overproduction of Growth Hormone in adults?
Correct Answer: B. Acromegaly
Acromegaly causes the bones in the face, hands, and feet to thicken significantly. Since adult bones can't grow longer, the effect is visible in the extremities. It is a slow-progressing disorder often diagnosed in middle age.
The hormone 'Noradrenaline' works alongside adrenaline to perform which task?
Correct Answer: A. Increasing alertness and blood pressure
Noradrenaline, or norepinephrine, acts as both a hormone and a neurotransmitter. It constricts blood vessels to raise blood pressure during the fight-or-flight response. Together with adrenaline, it ensures the body is ready for peak performance.
Which of the following hormones is not secreted by the Anterior Pituitary gland?
Correct Answer: C. Oxytocin
Oxytocin is produced in the hypothalamus and only stored/released by the posterior pituitary. The anterior pituitary produces its own hormones like TSH, Prolactin, and FSH. This distinction is important for understanding endocrine control centers.
What is the primary function of the 'Follicle Stimulating Hormone' (FSH) in males?
Correct Answer: D. Stimulating sperm production
FSH acts on the testes to promote the process of spermatogenesis. In females, it stimulates the growth of ovarian follicles before egg release. It is a gonadotropin released by the anterior pituitary gland.
The deficiency of insulin in the body leads to which specific metabolic disorder?
Correct Answer: D. Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes Mellitus results in high blood glucose levels because sugar cannot enter the cells. Symptoms include frequent urination, extreme thirst, and unexplained weight loss. It is managed through diet, exercise, and sometimes insulin injections.