Question 1

Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for maintaining posture and body equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

Cerebellum. The cerebellum coordinates voluntary movements and balance. It receives information from the sensory systems to regulate motor movements. Alcohol often affects this part first, leading to loss of coordination.

Question 2

Which of the following acts as the structural and functional unit of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Neuron. A neuron is the specialized cell designed to transmit nerve impulses. It is composed of a cell body, dendrites, and an axon. Humans have billions of neurons that form the complex communication network.

Question 3

Which part of the human brain controls vital involuntary activities like heartbeat and respiration?

Accepted Answer

Medulla Oblongata. The medulla oblongata connects the brain to the spinal cord and manages autonomic functions. It contains centers for cardiac, respiratory, and vasomotor functions. Damage to this part is often fatal because it stops breathing.

Question 4

The space between two neurons through which an impulse passes is called a?

Accepted Answer

Synapse. A synapse is the microscopic gap where chemical signals are transferred between neurons. Neurotransmitters are released here to continue the signal to the next cell. This junction ensures the one-way flow of nerve impulses.

Question 5

Which chemical substance is used to transmit signals across a synapse?

Accepted Answer

Neurotransmitter. Neurotransmitters are endogenous chemicals that enable neurotransmission. Acetylcholine and Dopamine are well-known examples of these signaling molecules. They play a crucial role in shaping everyday life and functions.

Nervous System — Set 1