Alloys
Chemistry · मिश्र धातुएं · 20 facts
Alloy: homogeneous mix of metals (or metal+non-metal); improves properties
Brass: Cu+Zn; utensils, instruments, decorative
Bronze: Cu+Sn; statues, coins, medals; Bronze Age
Stainless steel: Fe+Cr+Ni+C; rust-resistant; utensils, surgical
Steel: Fe+C(0.1-2%); strongest, most used alloy
Solder: Pb+Sn; low melting; joins wires/circuits
German silver: Cu+Zn+Ni; looks like silver but NO silver
Sterling silver: 92.5%Ag+7.5%Cu; jewellery, coins
Duralumin: Al+Cu+Mg+Mn; lightweight+strong; aircraft
Nichrome: Ni+Cr; high resistance; heating elements
Amalgam: mercury alloy; dental fillings
22-carat gold: 22 parts gold+2 copper; pure=24 carat(too soft)
Bell metal: Cu+Sn(high); Gun metal: Cu+Sn+Zn
Type metal: Pb+Sn+Sb; printing press letters
Magnalium: Al+Mg; lightweight, scientific instruments
Constantan: Cu+Ni; constant resistance; thermocouples
Invar: Fe+Ni(36%); very low expansion; clock pendulums
Pewter: Sn+Cu+Sb; decorative items, mugs
Alloying prevents corrosion, increases hardness, modifies melting point
Copper alloys most versatile: brass, bronze, bell metal, gun metal