Everyday Chemistry
Chemistry · रोजमर्रा का रसायन · 14 facts
Soap: saponification; fat+NaOH->soap+glycerol
Hard water: Ca2+/Mg2+ ions; soap scum; detergent works
Temporary hardness: bicarbonates; boiling removes; Permanent: sulphates
LPG: butane+propane; ethyl mercaptan for smell(leak detection)
CNG: mainly methane; cleaner than petrol/diesel
Petroleum refining: fractional distillation separates fuels
Coal types: peat, lignite, bituminous, anthracite (increasing carbon)
Stainless steel: Fe+Cr+Ni; rust resistant
Galvanization: zinc coating on iron prevents rusting
Electroplating: metal coating using electricity
Toothpaste basic(pH 8-9): neutralizes mouth acids
Baking powder: NaHCO3+tartaric acid; CO2 for fluffiness
Fire extinguisher: NaHCO3+H2SO4->CO2 smothers fire
Fertilizers: Urea(N), DAP(N+P); essential for crops