Question 1

Which type of chemical bond involves the complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bond. An ionic bond is formed when one atom gives up electrons to another, creating charged ions. This typically occurs between a metal and a non-metal with different electronegativities. Sodium chloride is a classic example of a substance held together by these electrostatic forces.

Question 2

What is the primary reason why atoms form chemical bonds with each other?

Accepted Answer

To achieve a stable octet configuration. Atoms bond to reach a more stable state by filling their outermost electron shell. Most atoms seek to have eight valence electrons, similar to the noble gases. This tendency is widely known as the Octet Rule in chemistry.

Question 3

Which of the following molecules contains a triple covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

Nitrogen ($N_2$). Nitrogen atoms share three pairs of electrons to form a very strong triple bond. This high bond energy makes atmospheric nitrogen relatively inert and difficult to break apart. In contrast, oxygen molecules are held together by a double covalent bond.

Question 4

What type of bond is formed when atoms share electrons equally between them?

Accepted Answer

Non-polar covalent bond. Non-polar covalent bonds occur when two atoms have similar electronegativities and share electrons evenly. This typically happens in diatomic molecules like $H_2$ or $Cl_2$. Such bonds do not result in a partial electrical charge on either atom.

Question 5

The 'Sea of Electrons' model is used to describe the bonding in which type of substances?

Accepted Answer

Metals. Metallic bonding involves a lattice of positive ions surrounded by a mobile cloud of delocalized electrons. These free-moving electrons are responsible for the high electrical and thermal conductivity of metals. This unique structure also allows metals to be malleable and ductile.

Periodic Table — Set 1