Binary System — Set 2
Computers · बाइनरी सिस्टम · Questions 11–20 of 60
The process of converting human-readable data into binary format is known as?
Correct Answer: D. Encoding
Encoding maps symbols like letters or numbers into binary sequences that computers can store. Common encoding standards include ASCII and Unicode. This ensures that different hardware systems can interpret text consistently.
What is the result of the binary addition 1 + 1?
Correct Answer: A. 10
In binary, 1 + 1 equals 2, which is written as '10' because the number 2 cannot be represented by a single digit. A 'carry' is generated to the next higher power position. This follows the same logic as 5 + 5 equaling 10 in the decimal system.
How many different values can be represented by a single byte of memory?
Correct Answer: D. 256
An 8-bit byte provides 2 to the power of 8, which is 256 unique combinations. These range from 00000000 to 11111111 in binary notation. This capacity is sufficient to encode all standard characters in the English alphabet.
Which number system uses the digits 0-9 and the letters A-F, acting as a shortcut for binary?
Correct Answer: C. Hexadecimal
Hexadecimal is a base-16 system where one digit represents four binary bits. It makes long binary strings much easier for human programmers to read and write. For example, the binary 1111 1111 is simply FF in hexadecimal.
What is the binary value of the decimal number 4?
Correct Answer: C. 100
The number 4 is represented as 100 because it corresponds to the 2 to the power of 2 position. In binary, the positions from right to left are 1, 2, 4, 8, and so on. Therefore, a '1' in the third position represents the value four.
In binary subtraction, what is 10 minus 1?
Correct Answer: A. 1
Binary 10 represents the decimal value 2, so 2 minus 1 equals 1. In binary terms, you 'borrow' from the second position to perform the calculation. The result '1' is the same in both the binary and decimal systems.
Which logic gate outputs a '0' only when both inputs are '1'?
Correct Answer: D. NAND
NAND stands for 'NOT AND' and produces the exact opposite result of an AND gate. It is considered a universal gate because any other logic gate can be constructed using only NAND gates. Most modern computer memory is built using NAND technology.
What is the weight of the third bit from the right in a binary number?
Correct Answer: C. 4
Binary positions are powers of 2, starting from 2 to the power of 0 at the far right. The weights are 1 (2^0), 2 (2^1), and 4 (2^2) for the first three positions. Thus, the third bit from the right represents a decimal value of 4.
What is the binary equivalent of the decimal number 15?
Correct Answer: C. 1111
Decimal 15 is 8 + 4 + 2 + 1, which requires all four bits in a nibble to be '1'. The binary representation is 1111. It is the highest value that can be held in a 4-bit register.
Which branch of mathematics provides the logic used in binary switching and circuits?
Correct Answer: A. Boolean Algebra
Boolean Algebra, developed by George Boole, deals with variables that have two values: true and false. These truth values are mapped directly to 1 and 0 in binary logic. It is the theoretical basis for all digital circuit design.