Question 1

Which international conference is widely regarded as the first major global summit on environmental issues?

Accepted Answer

Stockholm Conference. The 1972 Stockholm Conference was the first UN meeting dedicated to the environment. It led to the creation of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). This summit established that environmental protection is a global responsibility.

Question 2

In which city was the 'Earth Summit' of 1992 held to discuss sustainable development?

Accepted Answer

Rio de Janeiro. The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) took place in Rio de Janeiro. It resulted in key documents like Agenda 21 and the Rio Declaration. This summit laid the groundwork for future climate and biodiversity treaties.

Question 3

The 'Kyoto Protocol' was primarily designed to address which of the following issues?

Accepted Answer

Greenhouse gas emissions. Adopted in 1997, the Kyoto Protocol aimed to reduce carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. It placed a heavier burden on developed nations under the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities. It was the first legally binding climate treaty linked to the UNFCCC.

Question 4

Which global treaty was established to protect the ozone layer by phasing out CFCs?

Accepted Answer

Montreal Protocol. The Montreal Protocol is considered the most successful environmental treaty ever implemented. It regulates the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances. Thanks to this agreement, the ozone layer is expected to recover by the middle of the century.

Question 5

The 'Paris Agreement', adopted at COP21, aims to limit global temperature rise to well below how many degrees Celsius?

Accepted Answer

2.0°C. The agreement seeks to keep warming below 2.0°C while pursuing efforts for a 1.5°C limit. It relies on Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) submitted by each country. This landmark deal was signed by nearly every nation in 2015.

Environment Summits — Set 1