Renewable Energy — Set 4
Environment · नवीकरणीय ऊर्जा · Questions 31–40 of 60
Which gas is primarily used as a medium in concentrated solar thermal power plants?
Correct Answer: C. Molten salt
Molten salt is used in CSP plants because it can absorb and retain massive amounts of heat for long periods. This stored heat can be used to generate steam and electricity even when the sun is not shining. It provides a unique advantage of thermal energy storage.
What is the primary environmental benefit of using 'Hydrogen Fuel Cells'?
Correct Answer: B. Emits only water vapor
Hydrogen fuel cells generate electricity through a chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen. The only byproduct of this process is pure water, making it a completely clean energy source. It is being tested extensively for use in zero-emission buses and trains.
Which Indian city is known as the 'Solar City' because of its extensive solar rooftop installations?
Correct Answer: C. Diù
Diu became the first city in India to run 100% on renewable energy during the daytime in 2018. It achieved this through a combination of solar parks and rooftop installations. This milestone demonstrated the potential of small administrative units in clean energy transition.
What is the main source of 'Biomass' energy used in traditional Indian households?
Correct Answer: B. Firewood and Cattle dung
Traditional rural households in India rely heavily on firewood and dried cow dung cakes for cooking. While renewable, these sources cause indoor air pollution when burned in open stoves. Modern government schemes like Ujjwala aim to replace this with cleaner alternatives.
Which type of wind turbine is the most common design used in large-scale wind farms?
Correct Answer: A. Horizontal Axis (HAWT)
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines (HAWT) feature blades that rotate around a horizontal shaft. They are highly efficient at capturing high-altitude wind and are used in almost all commercial wind power installations. They usually have three large blades and a tall tower.
Which project aims to connect solar energy grids across different countries to share power globally?
Correct Answer: A. One Sun One World One Grid
The 'One Sun One World One Grid' (OSOWOG) is an initiative proposed by India. It envisions a global ecosystem of interconnected solar power grids to ensure constant power supply. The idea is that 'the sun never sets' globally, so power can be transferred between day and night zones.
What is 'Micro-hydro' power usually defined as in terms of capacity?
Correct Answer: A. Less than 100 kW
Micro-hydro systems are small installations that generate up to 100 kilowatts of electricity. They are typically 'run-of-river' systems, meaning they don't require large dams. They are very popular for off-grid communities in mountainous regions.
Which Indian state has the highest potential for 'Offshore Wind' energy?
Correct Answer: B. Gujarat
Gujarat has a very long coastline with high-speed winds, making it ideal for offshore wind farms. Offshore winds are usually stronger and more consistent than onshore winds. The government has identified several zones off the Gujarat coast for development.
In a solar cell, what causes the 'flow' of electrons that creates electricity?
Correct Answer: B. Light particles (Photons)
When sunlight strikes a solar cell, photons knock electrons loose from atoms in the silicon material. This movement of electrons through the cell's structure creates an electric current. It is a direct conversion of light energy into electrical energy.
Which fuel can be produced from the high-oil content of certain seeds like Jatropha?
Correct Answer: A. Bio-diesel
Biodiesel is produced from vegetable oils through a process called transesterification. Jatropha is a hardy plant that can grow on poor soil and produces oil-rich seeds. This fuel can be used in conventional diesel engines with little or no modification.