Atmosphere & Weather — Set 1
Geography · वायुमंडल और मौसम · Questions 1–10 of 60
Which is the lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere?
Correct Answer: A. Troposphere
The Troposphere is the lowest layer of the atmosphere. It contains approximately 75% of the atmosphere's mass and almost all of its water vapor. All weather phenomena occur in this layer.
The Ozone layer, which protects the Earth from harmful UV rays, is located in which layer?
Correct Answer: C. Stratosphere
The Ozone layer is found within the Stratosphere. It absorbs the majority of the sun's ultraviolet radiation, preventing it from reaching the surface. This layer lies immediately above the troposphere.
In which atmospheric layer do most meteors burn up upon entering the Earth's atmosphere?
Correct Answer: B. Mesosphere
Most meteors burn up in the Mesosphere due to friction with gas particles. This layer is located above the stratosphere. It is also the coldest layer of the atmosphere.
Which atmospheric layer reflects radio waves back to Earth, facilitating wireless communication?
Correct Answer: A. Ionosphere
The Ionosphere contains electrically charged particles called ions. These ions reflect radio waves back to the Earth's surface. This layer overlaps with the mesosphere and thermosphere.
What is the phenomenon where temperature increases with altitude instead of decreasing?
Correct Answer: B. Temperature Inversion
Temperature Inversion occurs when a layer of warm air settles over a layer of cold air near the ground. This is the reverse of the normal environmental lapse rate. It often leads to the trapping of pollutants and fog.
The term 'Albedo' refers to which property of a surface?
Correct Answer: B. Reflectivity
Albedo is the measure of the reflectivity of a surface. It is the ratio of reflected solar radiation to the total incoming solar radiation. Fresh snow has a very high albedo compared to dark soil.
Which concept explains the balance between incoming solar energy and outgoing terrestrial energy?
Correct Answer: A. Heat Budget
The Heat Budget refers to the balance between incoming solar insolation and outgoing terrestrial radiation. This equilibrium maintains the Earth's average temperature. If this balance is disturbed, the Earth would get progressively hotter or colder.
Which instrument is primarily used to measure wind speed?
Correct Answer: B. Anemometer
An Anemometer is the instrument used to measure the speed of wind. It typically consists of cups that spin faster as the wind speed increases. Wind direction is measured by a different tool called a wind vane.
The 'Doldrums' is a low-pressure area located around which latitude?
Correct Answer: C. Equatorial region (5°N to 5°S)
The Doldrums are located in the equatorial region, roughly between 5°N and 5°S. It is characterized by low pressure and calm winds. This area is also known as the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ).
The 'Horse Latitudes' are associated with which pressure belt?
Correct Answer: B. Subtropical High
Horse Latitudes are found in the Subtropical High pressure belts around 30° to 35° latitudes. The region is known for calm winds and little precipitation. The name historically refers to ships throwing horses overboard to conserve water due to being becalmed.