Ecology Basics
Geography · पारिस्थितिकी की मूल बातें · 14 facts
Abiotic Components (Non-living): Sunlight, temperature, water, soil, air, minerals
The term 'Ecosystem' was coined by A.G. Tansley (1935)
The term 'Ecology' was coined by Ernst Haeckel (1866)
Oxygen Cycle: Produced by photosynthesis, consumed by respiration and combustion
Extinct (EX) — No living individual exists (e.g., Dodo, Dinosaurs)
Extinct in Wild (EW) — Only in captivity (e.g., Hawaiian crow)
Critically Endangered (CR) — Extremely high risk (e.g., Great Indian Bustard, Gharial)
Endangered (EN) — High risk of extinction (e.g., Bengal Tiger, Asian Elephant, Snow Leopard)
Vulnerable (VU) — Moderate risk (e.g., One-horned Rhino, Ganges River Dolphin)
Near Threatened (NT) → Least Concern (LC) — Lower risk categories
Ecosystem = biotic + abiotic components interacting together
'Ecosystem' coined by A.G. Tansley (1935); 'Ecology' by Ernst Haeckel (1866)
Food Chain = linear; Food Web = interconnected chains
Trophic levels: Producers → Primary → Secondary → Tertiary consumers