Question 1

Which type of plate boundary is formed when two plates slide past each other horizontally?

Accepted Answer

Transform boundary. A transform boundary occurs when two tectonic plates slide horizontally past one another. This movement typically causes significant earthquake activity without creating or destroying crust. The San Andreas Fault is a famous example of this boundary type.

Question 2

The concept of 'Sea Floor Spreading' was first proposed by which scientist?

Accepted Answer

Harry Hess. Harry Hess proposed the theory of sea floor spreading in the early 1960s. He suggested that new oceanic crust forms at mid-ocean ridges and spreads outward. This discovery provided a crucial mechanism for the theory of plate tectonics.

Question 3

What is the primary driving force behind the movement of tectonic plates?

Accepted Answer

Convection currents in the mantle. Convection currents in the Earth's mantle are the primary driver of plate movement. Heat from the core causes magma to rise, cool, and sink in a continuous cycle. This process exerts a dragging force on the lithospheric plates above.

Question 4

Which mountain range was formed by the collision of the Indian Plate and the Eurasian Plate?

Accepted Answer

The Himalayas. The Himalayas were formed due to the convergent collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates. This is an example of a continent-continent convergence where the crust buckles upward. These mountains continue to rise as the plates move together.

Question 5

The 'Ring of Fire' is a major area in which ocean where many earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur?

Accepted Answer

Pacific Ocean. The Ring of Fire is a large horseshoe-shaped area in the Pacific Ocean basin. it is associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches and volcanic arcs. Most of the world's active volcanoes are located in this region.

Plate Tectonics — Set 1