Question 1

Which revolution transformed Haryana and Punjab into the 'food bowl of India'?

Accepted Answer

Green Revolution. The Green Revolution of the 1960s-70s transformed Haryana and Punjab into the food bowl of India through adoption of High Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds, chemical fertilizers, and irrigation. Haryana contributed significantly to national food security through wheat and rice surplus. The revolution was spearheaded by Norman Borlaug's wheat varieties adapted by Indian scientists. Haryana today contributes about 10-12% of India's total wheat procurement despite covering only 1.3% of India's land.

Question 2

What is the predominant Rabi (winter) crop of Haryana?

Accepted Answer

Wheat. Wheat is the predominant Rabi (winter-sown) crop of Haryana, sown from October to December and harvested in March-April. Haryana is one of India's top wheat-producing states contributing heavily to the central pool managed by FCI. The state's flat alluvial plains and canal irrigation system are highly suitable for wheat cultivation. Haryana's wheat procurement accounts for nearly 15% of FCI's total annual procurement.

Question 3

Which organization manages the procurement and storage of wheat from Haryana for the central pool?

Accepted Answer

FCI. The Food Corporation of India (FCI) manages the procurement, storage, and distribution of wheat from Haryana under the Minimum Support Price (MSP) policy. FCI has numerous depots across Haryana including major ones at Ambala, Karnal, Panipat, and Rohtak. The central pool stocks from Haryana support the Public Distribution System (PDS) nationwide. Haryana's efficient procurement infrastructure makes it one of the top contributors to national food security.

Question 4

Which is the predominant Kharif (summer) crop of Haryana?

Accepted Answer

Rice (Paddy). Rice (Paddy) is the predominant Kharif (summer-sown) crop of Haryana, sown from June-July and harvested in October-November. Haryana produces both common rice varieties and premium basmati rice, especially in Karnal and Kurukshetra districts. The expansion of rice cultivation has, however, led to concerns about groundwater depletion in the state. Haryana is a major supplier of basmati rice for export from India.

Question 5

Which district of Haryana is famous for basmati rice research and the National Dairy Research Institute?

Accepted Answer

Karnal. Karnal district is famous for both basmati rice research and the National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI). NDRI Karnal is India's premier dairy research institution established in 1923, now under ICAR. Karnal is also home to the Directorate of Wheat Research (DWR), making it a hub for agricultural research. The city is known as the 'City of Science' due to its concentration of agricultural and dairy research institutions.

Economy & Agriculture — Set 1