Question 1

Who founded the 'Atmiya Sabha' in Calcutta in 1815 as a precursor to socio-religious reforms?

Accepted Answer

Raja Ram Mohan Roy. Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded the Atmiya Sabha in 1815 to propagate monotheism and fight social evils. This organization served as a precursor to the Brahmo Samaj, which was established later. It aimed to challenge idol worship and rigid caste practices prevalent in society.

Question 2

The 'Tattvabodhini Sabha' was established in 1839 by which prominent reformer?

Accepted Answer

Debendranath Tagore. Debendranath Tagore established the Tattvabodhini Sabha in 1839 to propagate the true understanding of the Upanishads. The Sabha also published a journal called 'Tattvabodhini Patrika' to spread its ideas. It later merged with the Brahmo Samaj, strengthening the reform movement.

Question 3

Which organization was founded by M.G. Ranade and R.G. Bhandarkar in Maharashtra to promote social reforms?

Accepted Answer

Prarthana Samaj. The Prarthana Samaj was founded in Bombay in 1867, with leaders like M.G. Ranade and R.G. Bhandarkar playing key roles. It focused on monotheism and social reforms such as widow remarriage and the abolition of caste. Unlike the Brahmo Samaj, it did not completely break away from Hindu tradition.

Question 4

The 'Paramhans Mandali', a secret society to fight caste rules, was founded in which region?

Accepted Answer

Maharashtra. The Paramhans Mandali was founded in Maharashtra (Bombay) in 1849 by Dadoba Pandurang and others. It was a secret society that primarily aimed to break caste rules and promote widow remarriage. Members often took food cooked by lower caste people to demonstrate their commitment.

Question 5

Who was the founder of the 'Seva Sadan' in Bombay in 1885?

Accepted Answer

Behramji M. Malabari. Behramji M. Malabari founded the Seva Sadan in 1885 to work for the welfare of socially discarded women. He was a Parsi reformer who also campaigned vigorously against child marriage. The organization provided education and medical aid to women of all castes.

Social Reforms — Set 1