Question 1

When and where was Mahatma Gandhi born?

Accepted Answer

October 2, 1869, Porbandar. Mahatma Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869, in Porbandar, a coastal town in present-day Gujarat. His full name was Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. He later earned the title 'Mahatma' (Great Soul) for his spiritual and moral leadership. October 2 is now celebrated as Gandhi Jayanti, a national holiday in India.

Question 2

What was the philosophy of non-violent resistance preached by Mahatma Gandhi called?

Accepted Answer

Satyagraha. Gandhi's philosophy of non-violent resistance was called Satyagraha, meaning 'truth-force' or 'soul-force'. He first developed and used this method in South Africa against racial discrimination. Satyagraha combined the principles of truth (Satya) and non-violence (Ahimsa). It became the cornerstone of India's freedom movement against British rule.

Question 3

Which movement did Mahatma Gandhi launch in 1920 against British rule?

Accepted Answer

Non-Cooperation Movement. Gandhi launched the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1920, calling on Indians to withdraw cooperation from the British government. This included boycotting British goods, schools, courts, and legislative councils. The movement was suspended in 1922 after the Chauri Chaura incident, where protesters burnt a police station. It was a landmark mass movement that united millions of Indians against colonial rule.

Question 4

What was the significance of the Dandi March (Salt March) of 1930?

Accepted Answer

It marked the start of the Civil Disobedience Movement. Gandhi's Dandi March from March 12 to April 6, 1930, marked the beginning of the Civil Disobedience Movement. Gandhi walked 240 miles from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi on the Gujarat coast to make salt from seawater, defying the British Salt Laws. This act of civil disobedience inspired millions across India. It was a major step that ultimately led to India's independence negotiations.

Question 5

Which movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi on August 8, 1942?

Accepted Answer

Quit India Movement. Gandhi launched the Quit India Movement on August 8, 1942, at the Bombay session of the All India Congress Committee. He gave the famous call 'Do or Die' asking British to leave India immediately. The British government immediately arrested Gandhi and other Congress leaders. This movement played a crucial role in forcing the British to eventually grant India independence in 1947.

INC Sessions & Presidents — Set 1