Heat Transfer
Physics · ऊष्मा स्थानांतरण · 12 facts
Heat transfers hot to cold; three modes: conduction, convection, radiation
Conduction: heat through solids without particle movement; metals best
Silver best heat conductor; copper second
Insulators: wood, rubber, plastic, air, glass (poor conductors)
Convection: heat through fluids by actual particle movement
Sea breeze (day) and land breeze (night) are convection examples
Radiation: heat without medium; EM waves; fastest mode
Sun heat reaches Earth by radiation through space vacuum
Black surfaces absorb/emit max radiation; white/shiny reflect most
Thermos flask: vacuum (conduction/convection), silvered walls (radiation)
Cooking utensils: metal bottom (conductor), plastic handles (insulator)
Woolen clothes trap air (poor conductor) keeping body warm