Constitution Basics
Indian Polity · संविधान की मूल बातें · 28 facts
N.A. Palkhivala called the Preamble the 'Identity Card of the Constitution'
Indian Constitution is the longest written constitution in the world
Constituent Assembly set up under Cabinet Mission Plan, 1946
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar = Chairman of Drafting Committee = Father of Constitution
Original: 395 Articles, 22 Parts, 8 Schedules
Adopted: 26 Nov 1949, Enforced: 26 Jan 1950
Time taken: 2 years, 11 months, 18 days
DPSP from Ireland, Fundamental Rights from USA, Parliamentary system from UK
'Socialist' and 'Secular' added to Preamble by 42nd Amendment (1976)
Article 1: India = Bharat = Union of States
Article 32: Heart & Soul of Constitution (said by Ambedkar)
Article 21: Right to Life — most important fundamental right
Article 370 (J&K special status) abrogated on 5 August 2019
Preamble = Identity Card of Constitution (N.A. Palkhivala)
B.N. Rau was the Constitutional Advisor (not member of Drafting Committee)
Nehru moved the Objective Resolution on 13 December 1946
Set up under — Cabinet Mission Plan, 1946
Total members (original) — 389
After Partition — 299
First meeting — 9 December 1946
Temporary President — Dr. Sachchidananda Sinha
Permanent President — Dr. Rajendra Prasad
Constitutional Advisor — B.N. Rau
Drafting Committee Chairman — Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
Drafting Committee members — 7 members
Time taken — 2 years, 11 months, 18 days
Total sessions — 11 sessions
Objective Resolution moved by — Jawaharlal Nehru (13 Dec 1946)