Protocols — Set 4
Computers · प्रोटोकॉल · Questions 31–40 of 70
Which protocol is primarily used to transmit wireless data in local networks (Wi-Fi)?
Correct Answer: B. 802.11
802.11 is the family of standards defined by IEEE for wireless local area networks. Common versions include 802.11n, 802.11ac, and the latest 802.11ax (Wi-Fi 6). 802.3 is the corresponding standard for wired Ethernet networks.
Which protocol is used to exchange information about the 'health' and status of neighbor routers in a network?
Correct Answer: C. HELLO
The Hello protocol is used by routers to discover neighbors and confirm they are still reachable. It is a sub-component of several larger routing protocols like OSPF. Constant exchange of Hello packets ensures that the network map stays up-to-date.
Which protocol is used for secure file transfer that specifically runs over an SSH connection?
Correct Answer: C. SFTP
SFTP or SSH File Transfer Protocol provides file access, transfer, and management over any reliable data stream. Unlike FTPS, it does not require separate data and control connections. It is the industry standard for secure automated file movement.
Which protocol is used by the 'Traceroute' utility to determine the path packets take to a destination?
Correct Answer: C. ICMP
Traceroute uses ICMP 'Time Exceeded' messages to identify each router along a path. By gradually increasing the TTL (Time to Live) value, it forces each hop to send back an error message. This helps network engineers identify where bottlenecks or failures are occurring.
Which protocol is used for lightweight file transfers, often for booting diskless workstations or updating router firmware?
Correct Answer: A. TFTP
TFTP stands for Trivial File Transfer Protocol and is much simpler than the standard FTP. It uses UDP for transport and does not support user authentication or directory listing. Due to its simplicity, it fits easily into the small memory of embedded devices.
Which protocol is used for error reporting and is utilized by the 'ping' command?
Correct Answer: C. ICMP
ICMP or Internet Control Message Protocol provides feedback about problems in the network environment. The 'ping' utility specifically uses ICMP Echo Request and Echo Reply messages. It is essential for basic connectivity testing and troubleshooting.
Which protocol is used to provide voice and video communication over IP networks?
Correct Answer: A. SIP
SIP or Session Initiation Protocol is used for signaling and controlling multimedia communication sessions. It handles the 'call setup' phase, including ringing and establishing the connection. Most modern VoIP phone systems are based on the SIP standard.
Which protocol is used to manage the delivery of address information in the IPv6 environment, replacing the function of ARP?
Correct Answer: A. NDP
NDP or Neighbor Discovery Protocol handles address resolution and router discovery in IPv6. It uses ICMPv6 messages instead of the broadcast-based system used by ARP in IPv4. This makes the network more efficient by reducing unnecessary traffic.
Which protocol is used to reliably deliver large amounts of data where data integrity is critical, such as downloading software?
Correct Answer: B. TCP
TCP or Transmission Control Protocol ensures that data reaches the destination exactly as it was sent. It reorders packets if they arrive out of sequence and manages flow control to prevent congestion. It is the core protocol for web, email, and file transfers.
Which protocol is used to distribute and update routing tables within a single autonomous system based on link-state?
Correct Answer: C. OSPF
OSPF stands for Open Shortest Path First and is a widely used interior gateway protocol. It builds a complete map of the network topology and uses Dijkstra's algorithm to find the best paths. It reacts much faster to network changes than distance-vector protocols like RIP.