Freedom Struggle & Gandhi — Set 14

Correct Answer: B. 1920

Gujarat Vidyapith was established by Mahatma Gandhi in Ahmedabad on October 18, 1920 as a national university during the Non-Cooperation Movement. Students left British educational institutions and joined Gujarat Vidyapith. It promoted national education independent of British curriculum. It is now a deemed university and continues to operate from Ahmedabad.

Correct Answer: C. Abbas Tyabji

Abbas Tyabji, from a prominent Baroda Muslim family, was one of Gandhi's closest associates and was sometimes called 'Gandhi's Conscience'. He was an 80-year-old leader who led the satyagraha when Gandhi was arrested during the Dandi March. He was a former Chief Justice and embodied Hindu-Muslim unity in the freedom movement. He was arrested at Dharasana during the salt protests.

Correct Answer: C. Peaceful marchers were brutally beaten showing non-violent resolve

The Dharasana Salt Satyagraha of May 1930 was notable for the brutal beatings of peaceful satyagrahis by British police. American journalist Webb Miller's eyewitness account shocked the world. Marchers walked forward without resistance even as police beat them with steel-tipped lathis. The incident damaged Britain's international reputation significantly.

Correct Answer: A. Narmad

Narmad (Narmadashankar Lalshankar Dave), a 19th century Gujarati poet, composed 'Jai Jai Garavi Gujarat' which became the pride song of Gujarat. He was a social reformer who fought against caste discrimination and promoted women's education. His works inspired generations of Gujarati freedom fighters. This song is often considered the unofficial anthem of Gujarat.

Correct Answer: B. Mahatma Gandhi

Jhaverchand Meghani was given the title 'Rashtriya Shayar' (National Poet of Gujarat) by Mahatma Gandhi. His patriotic songs and poetry inspired freedom fighters across Gujarat. He documented the lives of common Gujarati people through folk songs and poetry. He was arrested by the British for his revolutionary poems during the freedom movement.

Correct Answer: B. Ambedkar

The Poona Pact was signed between Mahatma Gandhi and B.R. Ambedkar on September 24, 1932 at Yerawada Jail in Pune. Gandhi had gone on a fast unto death against separate electorates for Untouchables (Scheduled Castes). The pact replaced separate electorates with reserved seats within general electorates. This ended Gandhi's fast but the debate on political representation for Dalits continued.

Correct Answer: B. Pune

Aga Khan Palace in Pune was used as a prison for Mahatma Gandhi and other Congress leaders during the Quit India Movement from 1942 to 1944. Kasturba Gandhi died in this palace in February 1944. Gandhi's secretary Mahadev Desai also died here. The palace is now a memorial to Gandhi and is managed by the Gandhi National Memorial Society.

Correct Answer: B. 1930

Time Magazine in 1930 featured the Dandi March and the Civil Disobedience Movement as the most significant political development in India. The Salt March captured global media attention and brought India's freedom struggle to international audiences. Gandhi appeared on the cover of Time Magazine. The non-violent resistance movement inspired civil rights movements worldwide.

Correct Answer: B. 1951-52

India's first general elections were held in 1951-52. Gujarat's Congress leaders won overwhelmingly in the region that was part of Bombay state. Sardar Patel had passed away in December 1950 before the elections. The elections established democratic governance as the foundation of independent India.

Correct Answer: B. 1925

Sarojini Naidu became the first woman President of the Indian National Congress in 1925 at the Kanpur session. While not Gujarati herself, she closely worked with Gandhi on campaigns in Gujarat. She participated in the Dandi March and was arrested by the British. Her connections with Gujarat's freedom fighters were deep through Gandhi's network.