Generations — Set 2
Computers · पीढ़ियां · Questions 11–20 of 70
What was the primary input method used in first-generation computers?
Correct Answer: A. Punch Cards
First-generation computers used punch cards and paper tape for data input. Operators had to physically load these cards to feed instructions into the machine. This was a slow and error-prone process compared to modern inputs.
The development of 'Microchips' is most closely linked to which generation?
Correct Answer: D. Third
Integrated circuits, commonly called microchips, were the defining feature of the third generation. They allowed for a massive reduction in computer size and a boost in calculation speed. This advancement made computers affordable for smaller businesses.
Which generation introduced the concept of time-sharing and remote processing?
Correct Answer: A. Third
Third-generation computers allowed multiple users to share CPU time from different terminals. This was made possible by advanced operating systems and improved circuitry. It laid the foundation for modern networked computing environments.
Which generation saw the birth of the Intel 4004, the first commercial microprocessor?
Correct Answer: D. Fourth
The Intel 4004 was released in 1971, starting the fourth generation of computing. It contained all the components of a CPU on a single small chip. This breakthrough led directly to the creation of the personal computer.
Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a key goal of which generation?
Correct Answer: A. Fifth
Fifth-generation computers aim to understand and respond to human language naturally. This involves complex artificial intelligence and massive parallel processing. Modern virtual assistants are early examples of this ongoing research.
What was the main disadvantage of first-generation computers?
Correct Answer: B. Excessive heat production
Vacuum tubes generated a huge amount of heat and frequently burned out. These computers required massive air conditioning systems to prevent hardware failure. This made them very expensive and difficult to maintain.
Magnetic tapes and disks for secondary storage were first used in which generation?
Correct Answer: B. Second
Second-generation computers transitioned from magnetic drums to more efficient magnetic tapes and disks. This allowed for faster data retrieval and larger storage capacities. These storage methods remained standard for several decades.
The Cray-1, one of the first supercomputers, belongs to which generation?
Correct Answer: D. Fourth
The Cray-1 was a landmark machine in the fourth generation of computers. It used advanced VLSI technology to achieve unprecedented processing speeds. It was primarily used for complex scientific simulations and weather forecasting.
Which generation introduced the Silicon Chip as the main building block?
Correct Answer: A. Third
Third-generation computers used silicon chips containing Integrated Circuits (ICs). Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce are credited with developing this technology independently. Silicon became the standard material for semiconductor manufacturing due to its properties.
Parallel processing hardware is a defining feature of which generation?
Correct Answer: D. Fifth
Fifth-generation computers use parallel processing to execute many instructions at once. This is essential for advanced Artificial Intelligence and complex data analysis. It differs from the serial processing used in earlier computer generations.