Generations — Set 3
Computers · पीढ़ियां · Questions 21–30 of 70
In the first generation, which memory device was commonly used for storing data?
Correct Answer: B. Magnetic Drum
Magnetic drums were the primary internal memory for first-generation computers. They were metal cylinders coated with magnetic material to store bits of data. This technology was later replaced by faster magnetic core memory.
Which generation of computers made the first use of Graphical User Interfaces (GUI)?
Correct Answer: D. Fourth
Fourth-generation computers saw the transition from text-based interfaces to visual GUIs. Systems like the Apple Macintosh and Windows made computers much easier to use. This made technology accessible to the general public, not just experts.
Assembly language was a major development in which generation?
Correct Answer: B. Second
The second generation saw the rise of assembly language, which used short mnemonics instead of binary. This made instructions easier for human programmers to read and write. It acted as a bridge between machine code and high-level languages.
LSI (Large Scale Integration) technology is primarily associated with which era?
Correct Answer: A. Fourth
Fourth-generation computers used LSI and VLSI technologies to shrink components. This allowed a whole central processing unit to fit on a single chip. It was the era when microcomputers became highly powerful and affordable.
What is the primary goal of the Fifth Generation Computer Systems (FGCS) project?
Correct Answer: B. Natural language processing
The FGCS project aimed to create computers that could communicate with humans in natural languages. It focused on logic programming and massive parallel computing. This international effort pushed the boundaries of artificial intelligence research.
Which generation is characterized by the use of ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integration)?
Correct Answer: D. Fifth
Fifth-generation computers utilize ULSI technology to pack millions of components on a chip. This creates the hardware necessary for high-speed AI processing. It represents the most advanced stage of semiconductor miniaturization currently.
Batch processing was the dominant method of job execution in which generation?
Correct Answer: A. First
First-generation computers used batch processing where similar jobs were grouped together. Users did not interact with the computer directly during the execution. This was necessary due to the slow speed and high cost of computer time.
The concept of 'Expert Systems' is a product of which computer generation?
Correct Answer: D. Fifth
Fifth-generation computers introduced expert systems that mimic human decision-making. These systems use a knowledge base and inference rules to solve complex problems. They are widely used in medical diagnosis and financial forecasting today.
Which component made second-generation computers faster than their predecessors?
Correct Answer: D. Transistors
Transistors are faster switches than vacuum tubes and do not require warm-up time. This led to a significant increase in the processing speed of second-generation machines. They also produced much less heat, improving overall hardware stability.
The transition to 'Portable' computers was a hallmark of which generation?
Correct Answer: D. Fourth
Fourth-generation technology made it possible to shrink computer components significantly. This led to the development of laptops, notebooks, and later, smartphones. Portability changed how and where people used technology every day.