Major Treaties & Agreements — Set 1
International Relations · प्रमुख संधियां और समझौते · Questions 1–10 of 120
The Simla Agreement was signed between India and Pakistan in which year?
Correct Answer: C. 1972
The Simla Agreement was signed on July 2, 1972, between Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi and Pakistani President Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. It was signed following the 1971 Indo-Pakistani War that led to the creation of Bangladesh. The agreement established the Line of Control (LoC) in Jammu and Kashmir and committed both nations to resolve disputes bilaterally.
The Simla Agreement 1972 established which line as the de facto border in Jammu and Kashmir?
Correct Answer: C. Line of Control
The Simla Agreement formally established the Line of Control (LoC) as the de facto boundary between Indian-administered and Pakistani-administered Kashmir. The LoC replaced the earlier ceasefire line that existed since 1949. Both nations agreed that neither side would unilaterally alter this line.
A key principle of the Simla Agreement 1972 was that India and Pakistan would resolve all disputes:
Correct Answer: B. Through bilateral negotiations
The Simla Agreement enshrined the principle of bilateralism, requiring India and Pakistan to resolve all disputes through direct negotiations without third-party mediation. This was a significant diplomatic victory for India as it prevented Pakistan from internationalizing the Kashmir issue. India has consistently invoked this clause to oppose UN or other external intervention in Kashmir matters.
The Indus Waters Treaty was signed in which year?
Correct Answer: C. 1960
The Indus Waters Treaty was signed on September 19, 1960, in Karachi between Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and Pakistani President Ayub Khan. The treaty was mediated and brokered by the World Bank after nearly a decade of negotiations. It remains one of the most successful water-sharing treaties in the world and has survived multiple wars between the two countries.
Under the Indus Waters Treaty 1960, which rivers were allocated to India?
Correct Answer: B. Ravi, Beas, Sutlej
Under the Indus Waters Treaty, the three eastern rivers — Ravi, Beas, and Sutlej — were allocated exclusively to India. India can use these rivers freely for irrigation, power generation, and other purposes. The treaty gives India unrestricted use of approximately 33 million acre-feet of water annually from these three rivers.
Under the Indus Waters Treaty 1960, which rivers were allocated to Pakistan?
Correct Answer: B. Indus, Jhelum, Chenab
Under the Indus Waters Treaty, the three western rivers — Indus, Jhelum, and Chenab — were allocated to Pakistan. Pakistan receives approximately 80% of the total Indus system water under this arrangement. India is permitted limited use of the western rivers for run-of-river hydropower projects, storage, and agricultural use within specified limits.
The Indus Waters Treaty 1960 was mediated by which international organization?
Correct Answer: C. World Bank
The World Bank played a crucial mediating role in brokering the Indus Waters Treaty between India and Pakistan. World Bank President Eugene Black actively facilitated negotiations that began in 1952 and concluded in 1960. The World Bank continues to have a role in dispute resolution under the treaty's provisions.
The SAARC Charter was adopted in which city and year?
Correct Answer: B. Dhaka, 1985
The SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation) Charter was adopted in Dhaka, Bangladesh, on December 8, 1985. The founding summit was hosted by Bangladesh under President Hussain Muhammad Ershad. SAARC was founded by seven nations: Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka (Afghanistan joined in 2007).
How many countries are currently members of SAARC?
Correct Answer: C. 8
SAARC currently has 8 member states: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. Afghanistan was the eighth member, admitted at the 13th SAARC Summit in Dhaka in 2005. The organization's Secretariat is headquartered in Kathmandu, Nepal.
SAFTA (South Asian Free Trade Area) came into force in which year?
Correct Answer: B. 2006
SAFTA came into force on January 1, 2006, replacing the earlier SAPTA (SAARC Preferential Trading Arrangement) that had been in place since 1995. The SAFTA agreement aims to reduce tariffs on intra-regional trade among SAARC member countries. However, India-Pakistan trade under SAFTA has been significantly limited due to political tensions.